According to the UN estimates, the global population in 2050 will be increased to 3 billion people, that human needs additional development of 1 billion hectares of arable land, to avoid food shortages; but the global arable land almost has been developed, so the plant factory has become an important key to solve the food crisis.
Many advanced countries have put into plant factories, because it can not only solve the food crisis, and not affected by the deteriorating environment. Plant factory has become the future trend of agricultural development.
However, the lack of Taiwan agricultural enterprises, resulting in the majority of plant factories are small factories below 100 square meters, mostly open laboratory or production line, and most of them are planted cheap Vegetable & Fruit, lead to loss again and again, but still attracted many large enterprises actively.
Overall, Taiwan in addition to food price instability, is also facing the self-sufficiency rate of decline, so far only 3 percent, compared with Japan and South Korea, although Taiwan has more superior grain growth environment, but the self-sufficiency rate is low, can not only help Taiwan stable food prices construction plant factory, is also expected in the the future to enhance the food self-sufficiency rate, but in Taiwan the implementation of plant factory is feasible, worthy of careful inquiry.
Plant plant light source is the key
Plant set four points in one, in order to maximize the benefits, including construction, equipment, environmental control, growth materials, of course, these four elements are complementary, not indispensable. Plant is divided into three types, the use of sunlight, sunlight and artificial light source and the use of artificial light source closed type.
Plant factory equipment needs products by different industries together together, including light source, fan, hygrometer, water supply equipment, adjustment of carbon dioxide, which is the key to the light source, less light is not artificial light plant factory factory, but up to Lai Yangguang's greenhouse. Others like carbon dioxide are dispensable, increasing carbon dioxide emissions is mainly to make the plants grow faster and better.
Artificial light source is one of the most important plants in the sealed plant. The light source can be divided into CCFL, metal halide lamp, high pressure sodium lamp, fluorescent lamp and LED lamp. Japan's use of plant factory fluorescent lamp as the artificial light, because in a few years ago the price is higher than the LED lamp fluorescent lamp 10 times, with the investment point of view, select the appropriate fluorescent lamp; but LED lights with the rapid price decline, there are more and more manufacturers to use LED lamps.
Due to the average time of 12 hours to about 18 hours in the closed plant, the power consumption is a major consideration in the factory. The whole LED industry the rapid decline in prices, pile up in excess of requirement, there are a number of manufacturers of LED lighting into the plant factory, and get good results, but the initial investment cost is still higher than the T5 fluorescent lamp and high pressure sodium lamp, but long life, energy saving, small volume, to achieve full spectrum light, no heat radiation etc., make LED application in the rapid rise of the plant factory.
Different visual environment improvement
The development of plant technology is very different in different countries, which should be improved by different climate, equipment, etc., in which the development environment of Japanese plant factory is the most similar to the development environment of Taiwan plant factory.
In Holland the plant factory, to plant flowers and herbs, most of the current Holland plant factory still sunny, but because of the high latitude location, short day and long night, to fill the high pressure sodium lamp. Holland is the best country in the development of plant factory, the latest development of horticultural crops for sustainable greenhouse production technology and application, combined with the LED artificial light source technology, light quality, luminous flux, and remote automatic monitoring system, effectively improve the quality of production. In the future, the goal of the development of the plant in Holland is the concept of the greenhouse Village (Zonneterp), in which the concept of reuse, saving energy and water, to achieve self-sufficiency.
To solve the increasingly serious problem of City carbon dioxide, Professor Despommier proposed the construction of large farm building in the city, in addition to absorb carbon dioxide, but also city wastewater used for irrigation of food, a building can open stores and restaurants, direct to consumers use, also save time in transportation costs and carbon emissions. That is to say, the North American countries are perpendicular to the direction of building three-dimensional agriculture, which for Taipei this land city does not have benefits, but in remote areas or abandoned industrial buildings, it can be improved, re enabled, can not only reduce the land use, also can increase planting density.
Asian countries with the most rapid development in Japan and South Korea, but also catch up, China. The three countries have a common point, which is the government subsidies, Japan's first, in 2009 the plant factory put up as high as 15 billion yen subsidy, while the mainland is also in the "12th Five-Year plan", include reward delicate agriculture, the South Korean government is to provide preferential treatment in power expenditure and set up factories.
In Taiwan, the government not only has no direct subsidy scheme, as well as fallow subsidies, farm farming can also not get the money, so many of the current farmland fallow, naturally led to Taiwan agricultural self-sufficiency rate is insufficient; plus Taiwan lack of agricultural enterprises, to develop plant factory. At present, the cost of global plant plants are higher than farmland, without government subsidies it is difficult to develop.
Learn from Japan to strengthen sales channels
Taiwan has a lot of plant plant equipment configuration
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